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SQL Basics (SELECT, WHERE, ORDER BY, LIMIT)

SELECT

Choose the columns you need.

Select columns
SELECT user_id, country, created_at
FROM users;
Select columns
SELECT user_id, country, created_at
FROM users;

WHERE

Filter rows.

Filter by country
SELECT user_id, country
FROM users
WHERE country = 'IN';
Filter by country
SELECT user_id, country
FROM users
WHERE country = 'IN';

Common operators

  • ==, !=!=, >>, <<, >=>=, <=<=
  • IN (...)IN (...)
  • BETWEEN a AND bBETWEEN a AND b
  • LIKE '%text%'LIKE '%text%'
  • IS NULLIS NULL / IS NOT NULLIS NOT NULL
Multiple filters
SELECT user_id, created_at, plan
FROM users
WHERE country IN ('IN', 'US')
  AND plan != 'free'
  AND created_at >= '2025-01-01';
Multiple filters
SELECT user_id, created_at, plan
FROM users
WHERE country IN ('IN', 'US')
  AND plan != 'free'
  AND created_at >= '2025-01-01';

ORDER BY

Sort newest users
SELECT user_id, created_at
FROM users
ORDER BY created_at DESC
LIMIT 20;
Sort newest users
SELECT user_id, created_at
FROM users
ORDER BY created_at DESC
LIMIT 20;

LIMIT

Limits are great for exploration.

Inspect sample rows
SELECT *
FROM orders
LIMIT 50;
Inspect sample rows
SELECT *
FROM orders
LIMIT 50;

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